XHTML Mobile Profile and CSS Reference: Elements and Attributes

Elements and Attributes

After the prolog and any comments, every XHTML-MP document contains a root element (<html>) that in turn contains the head (<head>) and body (<body>) of the document itself. The body is a collection of elements and their attributes, plus the contents of those elements (such as text, images, URLs, and so on).

Semantic and Presentation Elements

XHTML and CSS are designed to separate content from its presentation. In this way, you can use the same content on diverse devices, including mobile phones with a variety of font and other presentation capabilities, personal computers, and even devices for the hearing or visually impaired.

Most XHTML-MP elements are semantic elements, that is, they convey meaning about their content rather than information on how it should be displayed. For example, the <em> element contains content that should be emphasized: it's up to the browser to figure out how to render the emphasis, with a different typeface, a louder voice, or in another way.

Openwave Mobile Browser supports four XHTML-MP elements that are widely used on the web to display content in specific ways, rather than to add semantic information. These are the <b>, <i>, <big>, and <small> elements. It's best to avoid these presentation elements. For example, if you mean to emphasize text, use the <em> element and trust the browsers in your marketplace to present the content in a way that indicates emphasis; if you want to display italics, use the CSS font-style property in style sheets designed for the phones in your marketplace.

Common Attributes

Many XHTML-MP elements have five attributes in common: class, id, title, lang, and style. Because these attributes are used in mostly the same way by their elements, they are described together in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1. Common Attributes

Attribute	Description
`class`	Labels the instance of the element as part of a class of elements, which can be operated on as a class by a CSS style sheet selector. For more information, see Class Selectors.
`id`	Labels the instance of the element with a unique identity in the document. A style sheet selector can refer to the element. A XHTML-MP element can refer to the element for other purposes, such as identifying the target anchor of a link. IDs must follow the rules for XML IDs: They must be unique in the document. They can contain only letters, numbers, and the underscore, colon, period, and hyphen symbols: `_` `:` `.` `-` They must start with a letter or the underscore symbol. They may not contain spaces.
`style`	Specifies style properties. See Using the style Attribute to Apply Styles to Individual Elements. Also see the notes on how to use style sheets throughout this reference.
`title`	Labels the instance of the element with a title. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use the title attribute, except in two cases: For links, sets the primary softkey label when the link is selected. For more information, see `<a>`. For elements in a form, sets the primary softkey label when the form element is selected. For more information, see `<form>`, `<input>`, `<label>`, and `<textarea>`.
`xml:lang`	Declares the human language used in the element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.

<a>

The <a> ("anchor") element creates a hyperlink (or "link"), the target of a link, or both. A link can be to a document or to a specific location (a "target anchor") in the same or different document.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays links with underlined text.

You can use style sheets to change how links are displayed before and after the user has visited them. For more information, see Link Pseudo-Class Selectors.

Empty (particularly in the case of targets) or any combination of text and the following elements: <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>. Anchors can't contain additional anchors.

Attributes

`class`, `xml:lang`, `style`	See Common Attributes.
`accesskey`	A device keypad key (0-9, *, or #) that the user can press as a shortcut to selecting the link and pressing the primary softkey. It's best to assign access keys to links and other elements in the same order as they appear in a document. For example, if you set a series of links in an ordered list (`<ol>`), make sure the access keys you assign to the links match the numbers that decorate the items in the list. You can also set access keys for Openwave Mobile Browser 6.2 with the CSS `-wap-accesskey` property, as described in `-wap-accesskey`. If there is a conflict, the access key is set by the CSS property.
`id`	Required for target anchors. Sets the ID of the target. See Common Attributes for information about IDs and the rules for their contents. The `id` attribute in XHTML takes the place of the `name` attribute, familiar to writers of HTML.
`charset`	Identifies the character encoding of the document referenced by the `href` element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`href`	Required when the element is a link. When the element is a link, identifies the target of the link. This can be an absolute or relative URL for a document, or for a target anchor in the same or different document.
`hreflang`	The natural language of the document referenced by the `href` element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`rel`	Defines a link relationship from the current document to the document referenced by the `href` element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`rev`	Defines a link relationship from the document referenced by the href element to the current document. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`tabindex`	Sets the element's position in the "tabbing" order in the document, that is, the order in which the input focus shifts from element to element when the user presses the key on the device that is mapped to the "tab" function. Although the browser supports this attribute, no existing devices have assigned a key to tab, so in effect, `tabindex` is not used.
`title`	If the anchor is a link, sets the primary softkey label when the link is selected.a
`type`	The MIME type of the document referenced by the `href` element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.

Notes

When the <a> element specifies a target, the id attribute is required. Target anchors are usually empty:

<a id="target-01" />

A link to a target anchor references the anchor's ID, with a pound symbol ( # ) prepended to it, for example:

<a href="#targetid">Link to a target in the same document.</a>
 
<a href="http://www.example.com/#targetid>
    Link to a target in another document.
</a>

(If you included a <base> element, relative links can resolve to another document. See <base> for more information on how that element can change how relative URLs are resolved.)

When the <a> element specifies a link, the href attribute is required.

What the browser does when the user activates a link (by selecting it and pressing the primary softkey) depends on the nature of the href value:

If the <a> element's href attribute is a URL, the browser opens the document specified by the URL.

<a href="http://www.example.com/document.html">Link</a>

If the <a> element's href attribute is the ID of a target anchor, the browser opens the document that contains the anchor (unless the target is in the current document) and scrolls to the location of the target.

<a href="http://www.example.com/document.html#target-01">Link</a>

If the <a> element's href attribute is the URL for a Java Archive Description (JAD) file, the browser starts the process of downloading the Java object. For example:

<a href="http://www.example.com/game.jad>Download Game</a>

If the <a> element's href attribute is an email address in the form of a "mailto" URL, the browser asks the phone's email application to initiate an email message.

You can use the following syntax in mailto URLs to embed message headers or bodies:

mailtoURL	`="mailto:" [to] [headers]`
to	`=#mailbox`
headers	`="?" header * ("&" header)`
header	`=hname "=" hvalue`
hname	`=*urlc`
hvalue	`Legacy HTML`

For the specification of #mailbox, see RFC822 (http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc822/Overview.html). It consists of zero or more comma-separated email addresses, possibly including "phrase" and "comment" components. You must encode all URL reserved characters in "to" (parentheses, commas, and the percent sign, which commonly occur in the "mailbox" syntax).

Email sent to an ordinary email address:

<a href="mailto:developer@openwave.com">Email Openwave</a>

Email for a mail response system that requires the name of the file in the subject:

<a href="mailto:info@openwave.com?subject=%20Browser">...</a>

Email for a mail response system that requires a "subscribe" request in the body:

<a href="mailto:info@openwave.com?body=Subscribe%20%20Browser">...</a>

A message to a single user that includes a CC to another recipient:

<a href="mailto:developer@openwave.com?cc=info@openwave.com &body=hello">...</a>

A message that contains a web page in the body and that the user must address before sending:

<a href="mailto:?body=http://developer.openwave.com">...</a>

A message with an empty "to" address, specifying only a domain:

<a href="mailto:@openwave.com?body=www.openwave.com">...</a>

If the <a> element's href attribute is a telephone number using the "tel" or WTAI URL scheme, the browser instructs the phone to place a telephone call. (Be sure to check which schemes the phones in your marketplace support.)

The "tel" scheme is specified in RFC2806 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2806.txt). It supports both normal voice telephone calls as well as connections to voice mailboxes and other voice messaging systems that can be operated with DTMF tones.

The WAP Wireless Telephony Application Interface (WTAI) is specified in the document with that name (available from the Open Mobile Alliance at http://www.wapforum.org).

To place a voice call with "tel" (hyphens optional):

<a href="tel:+1-1-650-480-8000">Call Openwave</a>

To use "tel" to call a number, wait for a moment, and then emit two DTMF tones for the numbers 1 and 2:

<a href="tel:+1-1-650-480-8000;postd=pp12">...</a>

To place a call with WTAI:

<a href="wtai://wp/mc;16504808000">Call Openwave</a>

Example

The following two examples show how documents can contain relative links to each other.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Anchor 1</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>This is document 1.</p>
      <p>
        <a href="a-02.html" accesskey="1" title="Go to 2">
          Go to Document 2.
        </a>
      </p>
    </body>
</html>
 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Anchor 2</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>This is document 2.</p>
      <p>
        <a href="a-01.html" accesskey="1" title="Go to 1">
          Go to Document 1.
        </a>
      </p>
    </body>
</html>

This example includes a link to a target anchor in the same document.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Anchor 3</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p><a href="#section-03" title="Sect 3">Go to Section 3.</a></p>
 
      <p>...</p>
 
      <h1>
        <a id="section-03"/>
        Section 3
      </h1>
 
      <p>...</p>
 
    </body>
</html>

<abbr>

The <abbr> ("abbreviation") element is a semantic, inline element that contains an abbreviation.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays abbreviations in regular body text, that is, with no boldface, italics, and so on.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <a>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Abbreviation</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
          <abbr>Abbr.</abbr> is a common abbreviation
          for the word "abbreviation" itself.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<acronym>

The <acronym> element is an inline, semantic element that contains an acronym.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays acronyms in regular body text, that is, with no boldface, italics, and so on.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Acronym</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>
        <acronym>XHTML-MP</acronym> is an acronym for
        Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, Mobile Profile.
      </p>
    </body>
</html>

<address>

The <address> element is an inline, semantic element that contains an address.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays addresses in an italic font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Address</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>Send letters to:</p>
        <address>
            Openwave<br/>
            1400 Seaport Blvd.<br/>
            Redwood City, CA<br>
            94063
        </address>
    </body>
</html>

<b>

The <b> ("bold") element is an inline element for presenting text in a boldface font (if one is available on the phone).

It's best to avoid presentation elements, such as <b>, and use semantic elements, such as <em>, instead. For more information, see Semantic and Presentation Elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bold</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>The &lt;b&gt; element is convenient
        for displaying text in <b>boldface</b> type,
        but the CSS font-weight property offers more
        flexibility.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<base>

The <base> element specifies a URL against which relative URLs in the same document are resolved. It is contained in the <head> element.

Openwave Mobile Browser does not display the <base> element.

If you don't include a <base> element, relative URLs in the document are resolved against the directory that contains the current document.

Empty.

Attributes

href

Required.

An absolute or relative URL against which relative URLs in the same document are resolved.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Base</title>
        <base href="http://www.example.com/images/"/>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
            <img src="logo.gif" alt="Logo"/>
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<big>

The <big> element is an inline element for presenting text in a font that is larger than that of surrounding text (if a larger font is available on the phone).

It's best to avoid presentation elements, such as <big>, and use style sheets for changing font sizes. For more information, see Semantic and Presentation Elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Big</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>The &lt;big&gt; element is convenient
        for displaying text in a <big>larger font</big>,
        but the CSS font-size property offers more
        flexibility.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<blockquote>

The <blockquote> element is a block-level, semantic element for identifying and displaying a quotation. It's typically used for long quotations (for short quotations, use the inline element <q> (see <q>).

Openwave Mobile Browser presents the contents of the <blockquote> element as one or more indented paragraphs.

One or more of the following elements: <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <ul>, <ol>, <dl>, <p>, <div>, <pre>, <blockquote>, <address>, <hr>, <table>, <form>, <fieldset>.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

cite

A URL for the source of the quotation, bibliographic information, or related information about the quotation.

If you include the cite attribute, the quotation is displayed as a link. (For more information about links, see <a>.)

Notes

You can use the CSS link pseudo-class selectors to change how the browser displays URLs in the <blockquote> element. See Link Pseudo-Class Selectors.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Blockquote</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>The W3C mission:</p>
        <blockquote cite="http://www.w3.org">
            <p>...develop interoperable technologies
            (specifications, guidelines, software, and
            tools) to lead the Web to its full potential.</p>
        </blockquote>
    </body>
</html>

<body>

The <body> element contains the elements, text, images, and other content that make up the main body of the document. The <body> element is contained in the root element (<html>).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

The <body> element is shown in all examples in this document.

<br>

The <br> ("break") element is an inline element that forces any content that follows it to start on a new line, without starting a new block of content.

You can use the clear attribute to specify where text should continue when it is interrupted by an image or other object.

Empty.

Attributes

class, id, title, style

See Common Attributes.

clear

left | right | all | none

Specifies where text should continue.

Openwave Mobile Browser supports this legacy attribute as an extension to XHTML-MP, to provide an alternative to the WCSS clear and float properties.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Break</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>
         <img style="text-align: left" src="images/4birds.gif"/>
         <img style="text-align: right" src="images/6birds.gif"/>
         Using the clear attribute, <br clear="left"/>
         you can control how text <br clear="right"/>wraps
         around images and other objects.
      </p>
    </body>
</html>

Also see the example for <address>.

<caption>

The <caption> element contains the caption for a table. It is contained by the <table> element.

Openwave Mobile Browser presents captions in a boldface font (if one is available on the phone), centered on their own lines above their associated tables.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

See the example for <table>.

<cite>

The <cite> element is an inline, semantic element for identifying a citation or reference to a book, web site, document, or other work.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays citations in italics, if an italic font is available on the phone.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Citation</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
            This <cite>XHTML Mobile Profile Reference</cite>
            contains details about XHTML-MP and CSS.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<code>

The <code> element is an inline, semantic element for identifying and presenting text that is computer code. This element is best used for short code fragments; for longer code listings, particularly if you want to preserve spaces and carriage returns, use the block element <pre> (see <pre>).

Openwave Mobile Browser presents code in a monospace font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Code</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>Use the <code>&lt;code&gt;</code> element for
        short excerpts of computer code.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<dd>

The <dd> (definition list, definition) element contains the definition of a definition list term (<dt>). Both the term and its definition are contained in a definition list (<dl>). For more information, see <dl>.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <ul>, <ol>, <dl>, <p>, <div>, <pre>, <blockquote>, <address>, <hr>, <table>, <form>, <fieldset>, <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <a>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

<dfn>

The <dfn> ("definition") element is a semantic, inline element that indicates that the enclosed term or phrase is defined at this location in a document.

Openwave Mobile Browser presents definitions in an italic font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Definition</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>Use the <dfn>definition</dfn> element
        to indicate that the enclosed term or phrase
        is defined at this location in a document.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<div>

The <div> ("division") element contains one or more blocks of text, images, and other content that make up a section of a document. You usually use <div> to apply style rules to a section of a document.

The <div> element is most useful for delineating sections of one or more block elements (headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, and so on) in a document; use <span> to delineate sections within a block element (see <span>).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Division</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div style="text-align: center">
            <h1>Introduction</h1>
            <p>Introductory text...</p>
        </div>
        <hr/>
        <div style="text-align: left">
            <h1>Chapter 1</h1>
            <p>First chapter text...</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

<dl>

The <dl> ("definition list") element is a semantic, block element that creates and presents a list of terms (contained in the <dt> element) and their definitions (contained in the <dd> element).

Openwave Mobile Browser displays list terms and definitions in plain (roman) text, with the definitions indented.

One or more <dt> and <dd> elements (typically in term-definition pairs).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Definition List</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <dl>
        	 <dt>XHTML-MP</dt>
        	 <dd>Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, Mobile Profile</dd>
        	 <dt>CSS</dt>
        	 <dd>Cascading Style Sheets</dd>
        </dl>
    </body>
</html>

<dt>

The <dt> ("definition list, term") element contains a term in a definition list (<dl>). The definition list contains both the term and its definition (<dd>). For more information, see <dl>.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

<em>

The <em> ("emphasis") element is a semantic, inline element that indicates its content should be presented with emphasis.

Openwave Mobile Browser presents emphasized text in a bold-italic font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Emphasis</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>Highway Conditions:</p>
        <p>101: Normal</p>
        <p>280: <em>Delays</em></p>
        <p>880: Normal</p>
    </body>
</html>

<fieldset>

The <fieldset> element is a block element groups related elements for quick visual scanning. You most commonly use it to create groups of elements in a form (see <form>).

Openwave Mobile Browser draws a horizontal rule above and below the contents of the <fieldset> element.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Fieldset</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <form action="http://www.example.com/adduser" method="get">
      <p>
        About You
      </p>
        <fieldset>
          <p>Your initials:</p>
            <label>First:
              <input type="text" name="first" size="1"
               title="First"/>
            </label>
            <label>Last:
                <input type="text" name="last" size="1"
                 title="Last"/>
            </label>
        </fieldset>
      <label>Your age:
          <input type="text" name="age" size="3"
           title="Age"/>
      </label>
      <p>
        <input type="submit"/>
        <input type="reset"/>
      </p>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

<form>

The <form> element is a block element for collecting user information that the browser can send to a URL. The URL is typically for a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) or other web-based application designed to collect the information that the user enters. Forms are built from combinations of the <input>, <label>, <optgroup>, <select>, and <textarea> elements (although each of these must be contained in a valid child element of <form>, such as <p>, <fieldset>, or <table>).

The <form> element must include an action specifying the URL of the application that receives the contents of the form.

A <form> element cannot contain another <form> element.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`action`	Required. The URL where the browser sends the form data when the user presses the submit button.
`enctype`	The MIME type used to encode the content of the form. For more information about MIME types in forms, see section 17.13.4 of the W3C "HTML 4.01 Specification" (`http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4`).
`method`	`get \| post` The HTTP method for passing the form data to the web server. The default method is `get`.

When you use method="get", the browser appends the form data to the URL in the HTTP request header. Don't use method="get" if your form collects non-ASCII characters, or if the form data can exceed 100 characters: Use method="post" instead.

With method="post", the browser sends the form data in the body of the HTTP request.

Example

See the examples for <fieldset>, <input>, <optgroup>,<select>, and <textarea>.

<h1> to <h6>

The <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, and <h6> ("level 1 heading" through "level 6 heading") elements are block elements that contain headings.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays the higher-level headings (those with lower numbers) in bolder, larger fonts than lower-level headings (depending on the fonts available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Headings</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>1 Head</h1>
    <p>Body text</p>
    <h2>2 Head</h2>
    <h3>3 Head</h3>
    <h4>4 Head</h4>
    <h5>5 Head</h5>
    <h6>6 Head</h6>
  </body>
</html>

<head>

The <head> element contains the title and other elements that describe the document and how the browser should display it. For more information on these elements, see <base>, <link>, <meta>, <object>, <style>, and <title> (all XHTML-MP documents must contain a <title> element). The <head> element is contained in the root element (<html>).

Content

Must contain one <title> element; may also contain a single <base> element; may also contain any number of the following elements: <meta>, <link>, <object>, <style>.

Attributes

xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

profile

Metainformation about the document.

Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.

Example

The <head> element is shown in all examples in this reference.

<hr>

The <hr> ("horizontal rule") element inserts a horizontal rule (or line) in the document.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays the horizontal rule as a solid, gray line.

You can use style sheets to set the width, color, and other attributes of the line.

Content

Empty.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

size

The thickness of the rule.

This legacy HTML attribute is an extension to XHTML-MP.

width

The width of the rule.

This legacy HTML attribute is an extension to XHTML-MP.

Example

See the example for <div>.

<html>

The <html> element indicates the start and end of an XHTML-MP document: It is the root element, as declared in the DOCTYPE declaration in the prolog (for more information, see Prolog Components).

Content

One <body> element and one <head> element.

Attributes

xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

version

The HTML DTD version used in the document. Because the DOCTYPE declaration includes version information about the DTD used, this attribute is deprecated.

xmlns

Required with the value:

http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml

The XML namespace used by XHTML.

Example

The <html> element is shown in all examples in this document.

<i>

The <i> ("italics") element is an inline element for presenting text in an italic font (if one is available on the phone).

It's best to avoid presentation elements, such as <i> and use semantic elements, such as <em>, instead. For more information, see Semantic and Presentation Elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Italics</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>The &lt;i&gt; element is convenient
        for displaying text in <i>italic</i> type,
        but the CSS font-style property offers more
        flexibility.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<img>

The <img> ("image") element specifies how to insert an image in a document.

You can use <img> to display a graphics file, by referencing its URL with the src attribute. You can also use the localsrc attribute of <img> to insert one of the hundreds of icons included with Openwave Mobile Browser.

Content

Empty.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`alt`	Required. Alternative text displayed if the image can't be displayed (for example, because the file can't be found or the device doesn't support the file's image format). In some cases, you can use images "drawn" with text characters instead of alternative text. For example, use (`alt="->"`) for a right-pointing arrow ( `->` ).
`height`	The image height, in pixels. The browser scales the image to match the height you set.
`localsrc`	A WML extension to XHTML-MP for displaying one of the hundreds of Openwave icons and WAP pictograms included with Openwave Mobile Browser on the phone. You can reference icons by name or number. For example, `<img localsrc="78" alt="bird" src="" />` is the same as `<img localsrc="bird" alt="bird" src="" />`. When inserting an icon with the `localsrc` attribute, you can use the `src` attribute to specify the URL of an alternative icon, or you can use a null value (`src=""`). See Appendix A, Openwave Mobile Browser Icons, and Appendix B, WAP Pictograms, for a table of available icons and their names and numbers, along with the details on their syntax.
`longdesc`	A URL for a document that contains a long description of the image. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`src`	Required. The URL of the image to insert. Although this attribute is required, you can give it a null value (`src=""`).
`width`	The image width in pixels. The browser scales the image to match the width you set.

Notes

Openwave Mobile Browser supports the display of images in BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, WBMP, and WPNG formats. However, some phones don't support all these formats.

Example

This example imports a GIF image.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Images 1</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>
         <img src="images/logo.gif" alt="Logo" />
         The browser supports a number of image formats.
      </p>
    </body>
</html>

This example uses the localsrc attribute to insert six Openwave Mobile Browser icons.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Images 2</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>
        <img src="" localsrc="moon2" alt="moon"/> -
        <img src="" localsrc="star2" alt="star" /><br/>
        <img src="" localsrc="day" alt="day"/> -
        <img src="" localsrc="scissors" alt="scissors"/><br/>
        <img src="" localsrc="creditcard" alt="creditcard"/> -
        <img src="" localsrc="110" alt="movie camera" />
      <p>
    </body>
</html>

<input>

The <input> element is used to create text fields, buttons, and related components of a form. When the user completes the form and presses its Submit button, the data is transmitted to the server specified in the <form> elements's action attribute, using the HTTP method (get or post) specified in the <form> element's method attribute (for more information, see <form>).

Content

Empty.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `xml:lang`, `style`	See Common Attributes.
`accesskey`	A device keypad key (0-9, *, or #) that the user can press as a shortcut to selecting the input element and pressing the primary softkey. If the input element is a text field, pressing its access key places an insertion point at the end of any text in the field and puts the user in text-entry mode. If the element is a radio button, pressing the access key is a shortcut for selecting that button. If the element is a checkbox, pressing the access key is a shortcut for checking or unchecking it. If the element is a Submit or Reset button, pressing its access key is a shortcut for pressing that button (for example, pressing the Submit button's access key submits the form). You can also set access keys for Openwave Mobile Browser 6.2 with the CSS `-wap-accesskey` property, as described in `-wap-accesskey`. If there is a conflict, the access key is set by the CSS property.
`checked`	`checked` Specifies that an option button or a checkbox is checked when the form first loads, or when the user presses the form's Reset button. If this attribute isn't used for a group of option buttons, none of them is checked.
`disabled`	`disabled` Prevents the user from selecting the input element to enter text, select the option, and so on. This attribute is an XHTML extension to XHTML-MP.
`emptyok`	true \| false The default is `true`. Specifies whether the user can leave the field blank (`true`) or not (`false`). This attribute is a WML extension to XHTML-MP. See `-wap-input-required` for details on using that CSS property to require users to enter information in a form. In case of a conflict, the CSS property takes precedence.
`maxlength`	Use with `type="text"` and `type="password"` to set the maximum number of characters the user can enter in the field.
`name`	The name portion of the name-value pair for the input element (the name-value pair is sent to the web server when the user presses the Submit button). To create a group of radio or checkbox buttons, give them the same `name` attribute. The browser prevents users from selecting more than one radio button in a group. Users can check more than one checkbox in a group.
`readonly`	readonly Prevents the user from entering text. This attribute is a WML extension to XHTML-MP.
`size`	Use with `type="text"` and `type="password"` to set the width of the field, in characters.
`src`	Use with `type="submit"` and `type="reset"` to set the URL of an image to use as the label for the button, instead of text. If the image can't be displayed, the browser displays the text set by the `value` element. If neither is available, the browser displays the default text for the button ("Submit" or "Reset").
`tabindex`	The element's position in the "tabbing" order in the document, that is, the order in which the input focus shifts from element to element when the user presses the key on the device that is mapped to the "tab" function. Although the browser supports this attribute, no existing devices have assigned a key to tab, so in effect, `tabindex` is not used.
`title`	The primary softkey label when the element is selected. For text and password fields, use "Edit" or a similar title to describe the effect of pressing the softkey. For radio buttons and checkboxes, use a title that reflects the value when the button is checked. For Submit or Reset buttons, use "Submit," "Reset," or another title that describes the effect of pressing the button.
`type`	`checkbox \| hidden \| password \| radio \| reset \| submit \| text` The type of input element. If you don't specify the type, the default is `text`.
`value`	For `type="checkbox"` and `type="radio"`, specifies the value portion of the name-value pair sent to the server if the option is selected when the user submits the form. For `type="submit"` and `type="reset"`, specifies text to display in the button in place of the default text (that is, "Submit" and "Reset," which are displayed if you don't include a `value` or `src` argument). For `type="hidden"`, `type="password"`, and `type="text"`, specifies the default value of the control. The default value is displayed as text in a text field and as asterisks in a password field.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Input</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h4>Joe from Joe's!</h4>
    <form action="http://www.example.com/coffee.cgi" method="post">
      <p>
        <label>Name:
          <input type="text" name="name" size="8" maxlength="8"
           emptyok="false" title="Edit"/>
        </label>
      </p>
      <p>
        <label>Lg
          <input type="radio" name="size" value="large"
           checked="checked" title="Large"/>
        </label>
        <label>Md
            <input type="radio" name="size" value="medium"
             title="Medium" disabled="disabled"/>
        </label>
        <label>Sm
            <input type="radio" name="size" value="small"
             title="Small"/>
        </label>
      </p>
      <p>
        <label>Cream
          <input type="checkbox" name="condiment" value="cream"
          title="Cream?"/>
        </label>
        <label>Sugar
          <input type="checkbox" name="condiment" value="sugar"
           title="Sugar?"/>
        </label>
      </p>
      <p>
        <input type="submit" src="images/mug.gif" value="Order"
         title="Order"/>
        <input type="reset" value="Start Over" title="Clear"/>
      </p>
      <p>
        <input type="hidden" name="formid" value="C-003" />
      </p>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

In this example, if a user enters Joe in the Name field, selects Lg (default button), checks the Sugar and Cream boxes, and presses the mug button, the browser submits the following in the body of the HTTP Post transaction to the server at http://www.example.com/coffee.cgi:

name=Joe&size=lg&condiment=cream&condiment=sugar&formid=C-003

The customer is required to enter his or her name. Joe's is out of medium-sized mugs.

<kbd>

The <kbd> element is an inline element for presenting user-entry text.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays text in the <kbd> element in a monospace font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Keyboard</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>If you are the first to arrive, enter <kbd>First</kbd> in the field and click Open.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<label>

The <label> element contains a label for an <input>, <select>, or <textarea> element in a form.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <img>, <object>.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

accesskey

A device keypad key (0-9, *, or #) that the user can press as a shortcut to selecting the input element and pressing the primary softkey.

You can also set access keys for Openwave Mobile Browser 6.2 with the CSS -wap-accesskey property, as described in -wap-accesskey. If there is a conflict, the access key is set by the CSS property.

for

The ID of the element to be labeled.

Example

See the examples for <input> and <option>.

<li>

The <li> ("list item") element contains an item in an ordered list (see <ol>) or an unordered list (see <ul>).

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <ul>, <ol>, <dl>, <p>, <div>, <pre>, <blockquote>, <address>, <hr>, <table>, <form>, <fieldset>, <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <a>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`value`	The item's number in an ordered list. Subsequent items in that list are numbered sequentially from `value`, unless you use `value` again.

Example

See the examples for <ol> and <ul>.

<link>

The <link> element associates an external resource with the current document. It is contained in the <head> element.

The <link> element has two usual purposes:

To apply an external CSS style sheet to an XHTML document. Style sheets are discussed in detail in Using the <link> Element to Apply an External Style Sheet.
To instruct the browser to "prefetch" a document, that is, to download a second document as soon as the browser finishes downloading the first. The browser stores the second document in the browser's cache, without displaying it, so that it's quickly available when the user navigates to it. Prefetching is typically used to improve performance in cases where it's possible to predict which document the user will likely need next.

Content

Empty.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`charset`	The character encoding of the document referenced by the `href` element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`href`	Required. Sets the URL of the external resource.
`hreflang`	The natural language of the document referenced by the `href` element. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`media`	The medium to which the resource applies. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`rel`	`next \| stylesheet \| other` The relationship of the document referenced by the `href` attribute to the current document. When `rel="next"`, the browser prefetches the linked document. Other, application-dependent values are possible for `rel`, but Openwave Mobile Browser only uses `next` and `stylesheet`.
`rev`	The relationship of the current document to the document referenced by the `href` attribute. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`type`	The MIME type of the document referenced by the `href` attribute. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.

Example

Suppose a CSS file named style-01.css contains:

h1, h2, h3 {text-align: center}
p.firstp {text-indent: 0em; padding-top: 0ex}
p {text-indent: 1em; padding-top: 1ex}

The following document in the same directory generates the display shown the accompanying figure.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Link 1</title>
        <link href="style-01.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Indenting</h1>
        <p class="firstp">
            Centered headings look more "centered" if they're
            followed by a line that's flush left.
        </p>
        <p>
            Subsequent paragraphs can have their first lines
            indented.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

The following XHTML-MP document prefetches the file yes.html into the browser's cache:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>link 2</title>
        <link href="yes.html" rel="next" type="text/html" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>Would you like to continue?</p>
        <p><a href="yes.html" title="Yes">Yes</a>.
        <p><a href="no.html" title="No">No</a>.
    </body>
</html>

<meta>

The <meta> element contains metainformation about a document. Examples of metainformation are directions indicating how long the browser should cache the document, keywords or descriptions for search engines, or details about the creator and version of a document.

The <meta> element is contained in the <head> element; it is not displayed.

Content

Empty

Attributes

`xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`content`	Required. Sets the metainformation value for `http-equiv` or `name`.
`http-equiv`	`expires \| refresh \| cache-control` The name portion of the name-value pair sent to the browser in an HTTP header.
`name`	Sets the name of the metainformation, whose value is set by the `content` argument. Examples include `author`, `keywords`, `revised`, and so on. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`scheme`	Defines the `<meta>` element's format. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.

Notes

Openwave Mobile Browser stores visited documents in a cache. When the user revisits a document (a very common action), the browser can display it quickly. (It's much faster to load a document from cache memory than to download it over the network from the server.)

The browser considers a document in its cache current for a duration called the time to live (TTL). The default TTL is 30 days, but the actual time depends on a combination of the TTL set by arguments to the <meta> element, the amount of cache memory available, and the number and size of documents the user visits. Cache memory is a limited resource; if the user visits too many documents, the cache will fill too fast to accommodate the TTLs of the documents it contains.

However, not all documents should be cached: Documents that contain transient information (such as volatile financial information) are best not cached. Other documents are best cached for a limited time.

To determine the right TTL for a document, you should weigh the time-sensitivity of the information against possible degradation in application responsiveness.

You can use the <meta> attribute to control document caching in a number of ways:

You can set a maximum TTL (in seconds) for a document. The following example sets the TTL to an hour (3600 seconds):

<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="max-age=3600" />

Until the TTL expires, the browser attempts to load the document from the cache each time the user activates a link to the document, enters a URL using a "go to" command, or presses the forward or back navigation keys to go to that document.

When the user navigates to the document after its TTL expires (in any way except pressing the Back or Forward keys), the browser compares the modification date of the version of the document in the cache with the version on the server. It downloads a fresh copy from the server if the server's copy has changed.

Irrespective of the TTL, the browser displays the cached document if the user navigates to the document using the Back key.

You can force the browser to compare the modification dates of the cached and server versions of a document, each time the user navigates to the document (except by using the Back key). There are two ways to do this, setting the TTL to zero or using the no-cache value:

<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="max-age=0" /> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />

You can set an expiration date for a document, after which the browser checks the server for a newer version:

<meta http-equiv="expires" content="date"

For details about the syntax for date, see section 3.3 of RFC2616 (http://rfc.net/rfc2616.html#s3.3)

(It's better to use max-age for setting expiration dates, because max-age doesn't rely on the accuracy of the phone's internal clock.)

You can force the browser to compare the modification dates of the cached and server versions of a document that has a last-modified value, even if the user navigates to the document with the Back key:

<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="must-revalidate" />

You can prevent the browser from storing the document in the cache at all:

<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-store" />

You can use the http-equiv="refresh" attribute to instruct the browser to download a fresh copy of a document at regular intervals. This is useful for applications that deliver volatile information, such as a real-time financial or instrumentation information.

For example, use the following to have the browser download a new copy of a document every 30 seconds:

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="30" />

You can also use http-equiv="refresh" to have the browser to download a different document after a specified time, for example, to present a slide show or to redirect a user from a stale web page.

The following instructs the browser to open new.html after 15 seconds:

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="15; url=(http://www.example.com/new.html" />

Take care not to create an endless loop, or you will displease subscribers who pay for data access by the minute!

<object>

The <object> element defines how a media file is referred to in a document, so that the browser can download it for rendering by a "helper" application. Examples of rendering applications include those that can play music or a movie, or a Java "virtual machine" that can run a Java game or other Java application.

Media files can be almost anything: plain text, ringtones, images, movies, Java applications, and so on. The types of media files supported depend on the capabilities of the rendering applications included with each model of phone.

Common uses of <object> with Openwave Mobile Browser include:

To download a Java application.
To insert a WAP pictogram (supported by Openwave Mobile Browser version 6.2 and later). For more information WAP pictograms, see Appendix B.
To add sounds or music to a document.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <ul>, <ol>, <dl>, <p>, <div>, <pre>, <blockquote>, <address>, <hr>, <table>, <form>, <fieldset>, <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <a>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>.

The <object> element is designed to support a fall-back mechanism. If the phone can't render the media object referenced by an <object> element's data attribute, the browser renders the <object> element's content. If that content is another <object> element, it again tries to render the referenced media content, or the embedded <object> element's other content, and so on, until it finds a media object the phone can render or alternative content. However, Openwave Mobile Browser 7.0 do not support this fall-back mechanism for <object>. If the phone can't render the top-level <object> element's media object, the browser looks no further, and ignores the entire <object> element and any content.

NOTE Openwave Mobile Browser does not use the content of <object>. It simply downloads media content for the rendering application.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`archive`	A space-separated list of URLs for any archives that contain resources relevant to the object. The browser passes this information to the rendering software.
`classid`	The URL of the object's implementation. The browser passes this information to the rendering software.
`codebase`	The URL base path used to resolve relative URLs specified by the `classid`, `data`, and `archive` attributes.
`codetype`	The internet media MIME type. The browser passes this information to the rendering software.
`data`	The URL for data used by the object.
`declare`	`declare` Sets the object only as a declaration. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`height`	Object height, in pixels (for visual objects only).
`name`	Object name. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`standby`	The message the browser displays while the object is loading.
`tabindex`	The element's position in the "tabbing" order in the document, that is, the order in which the input focus shifts from element to element when the user presses the key on the device that is mapped to the "tab" function. Although the browser supports this attribute, no existing devices have assigned a key to tab, so in effect, `tabindex` is not used.
`type`	The MIME type of data specified by the `data` attribute. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`width`	The width of the object in pixels (for visual objects only).

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
      <title>Object</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      <p>
          <object data="pict:///core/arrow/up"
           height="32" width="32"
           standby="Loading image..."/>
      </p>
    </body>
</html>

<ol>

The <ol> ("ordered list") element is a block element that contains list items (see <li>) in a specific order.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays ordered lists with the number (or other ordering character) flush left and the body of each list item indented (commonly referred to as a "hanging indent").

You can use CSS styling properties to set the style of list numbering (for example, upper- or lowercase roman numerals, upper- or lowercase letters instead of numbers, and so on), to set the style of indenting, and to set the fonts, spacing, and other typographical details of the list and its items. If the CSS style conflicts with XHTML markup, the CSS style takes precedence. For details, see List Properties.

Content

One or more <li> elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

start

The number (or alphabetic equivalent) of the first item in the list.

Subsequent list items are numbered sequentially, unless you use the <li> element's value attribute to set a new starting number for that and subsequent items (see <li>).

type

1 | I | i | A | a

1 is the default.

Sets the style of ordering, that is, arabic numerals, roman numerals, or letters:

1 sets decimal ordering: whole, arabic numbers (1, 2, 3, and so on)
I sets upper-roman ordering: uppercase roman numerals (I, II, III, and so on)
i sets lower-roman ordering: lowercase roman numerals (i, ii, iii, and so on)
A sets upper-alphabetic ordering: uppercase ASCII letters (A, B, C, and so on)
a sets lower-alphabetic ordering: lowercase ASCII letters (a, b, c, and so on)

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Ordered List</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>After the "big three" flavors come:</p>
        <ol start="4" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha">
            <li>Peppermint, available in many colors</li>
            <li>Banana</li>
            <li>Coffee</li>
        </ol>
    </body>
</html>

<optgroup>

The <optgroup> ("option group") element groups items in a drop-down menu (drop-down menus are used in forms). You use the <option> element to define the items in the group (see <option>). The <optgroup> group is in turn contained in the <select> element, which creates a drop-down menu (see <select>). For more information on forms, see <form>.

Content

One or more <option> elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

disabled

disabled

Prevents the user from selecting any option in the group.

This attribute is an XHTML extension to XHTML-MP.

label

Required.

A label for the items in the option group.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Option Group</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="http://www.example.com/seasoning.cgi"
         method="post">
        <p>Seasoning:</p>
          <select name="seasoning">
            <optgroup label="Savory">
                <option value="garlic" title="Garlic">
                 Garlic</option>
                <option value="balsamic" title="Balsm">
                 Balsamic</option>
                <option value="tarragon" title="Tarr">
                 Tarragon</option>
                <option value="curry" title="Curry">
                 Curry</option>
            </optgroup>
            <optgroup label="Sweet">
                <option value="orange" title="Orange">
                 Orange</option>
                <option value="honey" title="Honey">
                 Honey</option>
            </optgroup>
            <option value="None" title="None">
             None</option>
          </select>
        <p>
          <input type="submit" />
          <input type="reset" />
        </p>
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

<option>

The <option> element contains an item in a drop-down menu. Drop-down menus are defined by the <select> element, (see <select>).

You can create a labeled group of <option> elements in a drop-down menu (see <optgroup>).

Content

Text.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`selected`	`selected` The default selected item. Only one can be set in a list.
`value`	The value portion of the name-value pair sent to the server if the option is selected when the user submits the form (the name portion is set by the `name` attribute of the list's `<select>` element).
`disabled`	`disabled` Prevents the user from selecting the option. This attribute is an XHTML extension to XHTML-MP.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Option</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="http://www.example.com/destination.cgi"
            method="post">
        <p>Destination:</p>
          <select name="destination" size="4">
                <option value="lax" title="LA">Los Angeles</option>
                <option value="sfo" title="SF">San Francisco</option>
                <option value="oak" title="Oak" selected="selected">
                    Oakland</option>
                <option value="sac" title="Sac">Sacramento</option>
                <option value="red" disabled="disabled">
                    Red Bluff</option>
          </select>
        <p>
          <input type="submit" />
          <input type="reset" />
        </p>
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

<p>

The <p> ("paragraph") element is a block element that contains a paragraph of text, inline images, and related content.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

mode

wrap | nowrap

Text wrapping mode to use. If you specify nowrap, the device uses another mechanism, such as horizontal scrolling, to display long lines to the user.

This WML extension to XHTML-MP supplies a feature to Openwave Mobile Browser 6.1 that is also supplied by WAP CSS extension properties in 6.2. For details, see WAP CSS Extension Properties.

Example

The <p> element is used in many examples in this reference, including those for <a>, <code>, and <img>.

<param>

The <param> ("parameter") element sets a parameter for a how the <object> element includes a media file in a document. The parameter is a name-value pair, whose parts are set by the name and value attributes.

Although Openwave Mobile Browser supports the <param> element, the object types supported by current mobile phones don't use parameters.

Content

Empty.

Attributes

`id`	See Common Attributes.
`name`	Required. The name of the parameter.
`type`	The MIME type of the parameter when `valuetype` is `ref`.
`value`	The value of the run-time parameter.
`valuetype`	`data \| ref \| object` The type of parameter value.

<pre>

The <pre> ("preserve") element is a block element that preserves multiple consecutive space characters and line breaks in text (the browser normally collapses multiple spaces and line breaks into a single space). This element is useful for displaying tabular data or multiline listings of computer code (for short excerpts of code in a paragraph, see <code>).

Openwave Mobile Browser presents the contents of <pre> in a monospace font (if one is available on the phone), preserving multiple spaces and carriage returns.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <a>.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

xml:space

preserve

Preserves spacing.

Openwave Mobile Browser does not support this attribute (it preserves white space regardless of the value of xml:space).

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Pre</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <pre>
it's
spring
and
      the
      goat-footed
 
balloonMan     whistles
far
and
wee
        </pre>
    </body>
</html>

The first <pre> tag in this example is followed by a carriage return, to make the code easier to read. Because <pre> preserves all spaces and carriage returns, this introduces an extra space at the top of the document. You may wish to avoid this artifact in production code by omitting the carriage returns immediately after and then immediately before the starting and ending <pre> tags.

<q>

The <q> ("quotation") element is an inline element for identifying a short quotation. Use <q> for dialog or for short quotations in line in text; for longer quotations, use <blockquote> (see <blockquote>).

Openwave Mobile Browser surrounds the contents of <q> with quotation marks (" ").

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

cite

A URL that is the source of the quotation.

If you include the cite attribute, the quotation is displayed as a link.

Notes

You can use the CSS link pseudo-class selectors to change how URLs are presented in the <q> element, as described in Link Pseudo-Class Selectors.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Quotation</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>As Groucho Marx said,
            <q cite="http://www.example.com/goucho.html">
                Home is where you hang your head.
            </q>
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<samp>

This <samp> ("sample") element is an inline, semantic element that identifies and displays computer "output."

Openwave Mobile Browser displays <samp> text in a monospace font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Sample</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
        The terminal printed <samp>Error 51</samp>
        and then went silent.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<select>

The <select> element builds a drop-down menu in a form. The items in the drop-down menu are defined with the <options> element (see <option>). You can also create named groups of items in the menu (see <optgroup>).

When the user selects an item in the drop-down menu and presses the Submit button, the browser sends the name of the <select> element and the value of the selected <option> element to the server specified in the <form> elements's action attribute. The browser uses the HTTP method (get or post) specified in the <form> element's method attribute to transmit this data (for more information, see <form>).

Content

One or more <optgroup> or <option> elements.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`disabled`	`disabled` Prevents the user from selecting any options in the menu. This attribute is an XHTML extension to XTHML-MP.
`multiple`	`multiple` Specifies whether multiple items can be selected. Because the Openwave Mobile Browser user interface doesn't support multiple selections in a drop-down menu, `<select>` elements with the `multiple="multiple"` attribute are displayed as an array of check boxes.
`name`	List name. This is the "name" portion of the name-value pair transmitted to the server when the user submits the form.
`size`	The number of items visible in the list when the user selects it.
`tabindex`	The element's position in the "tabbing" order in the document, that is, the order in which the input focus shifts from element to element when the user presses the key on the device that is mapped to the "tab" function. Although the browser supports this attribute, no existing devices have assigned a key to tab, so in effect, `tabindex` is not used.

Example

See the examples for <option> and <optgroup>.

<small>

The <small> element is an inline element that displays text in a font that is smaller than that of the surrounding text (if a smaller font is available on the phone).

It's best to avoid presentation elements, such as <small>, in your XHTML-MP documents. For more information, see Semantic and Presentation Elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Small</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>The &lt;small&gt; element is convenient
        for displaying text in a <small>smaller font</small>,
        but the CSS font-size property offers more
        flexibility.</p>
    </body>
</html>

<span>

The <span> element identifies a section in a paragraph or other block element. It's most commonly used to apply style rules to a section of text.

The <span> element is most useful for delineating a section of a single paragraph; use <div> to delineate sections of one or more paragraphs in a document (see <div>).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Span</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            .bigger {font-size: 1.5em}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
        You can give text more prominence
        <span class="bigger"> by enlarging it </span>
        in the middle of a sentence.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<strong>

The <strong> element is an inline, semantic element for identifying text that should be strongly emphasized.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays text contained in the <strong> element in a boldface font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Strong</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
        One cannot make the point too strongly:
        <strong>Separate content from presentation!</strong>
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<style>

The <style> element associates an internal style sheet with a document's elements.

The <style> element is contained in the <head> element; its content is not displayed.

Style definitions contained in the <style> element have the same syntax as definitions included in external CSS style sheets (CSS files).

Chapter 2, CSS Reference, describes how to create the style rules and how to embed them or import them with the <style> element.

Content

Text.

Attributes

`title, xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`media`	The destination medium (`handheld`, `print`, `tv`, and so on) for the style rules.
`type`	`text/css` Required with this value for CSS styles. Defines the content type: CSS information in plain-text format.
`xml:space`	`preserve` Preserves spacing. Openwave Mobile Browser does not support this attribute (space preservation is not relevant to an element that is not displayed).

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Style</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            h1, h2, h3 {text-align: center}
            p.firstp {text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 0ex}
            p {text-indent: 1em; margin-top: 1ex}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Indenting</h1>
        <p class="firstp">
            Centered headings look more "centered" if they're
            followed by a line that's flush left.
        </p>
        <p>
            Subsequent paragraphs can have their first lines
            indented.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

<table>

The <table> element contains text, images, and other content arranged in rows and columns. Tables are constructed from table rows (see <tr>), which can contain table column headings (see <th>) or table data (see <td>).

Tables are useful for laying out collages of text and images, as well as for presenting tabular information.

You can use CSS style properties to control many aspects of how the browser presents tables, as described throughout Chapter 2, CSS Reference.

Content

An optional <caption> element and one or more <tr> elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

summary

Table summary. Can be used for speech-synthesizers and nonvisual browsers.

Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Table</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            table {border-style: solid; border-width: thick;
            border-color: black}
            th {border-style: solid; border-width: medium;
            border-color: red}
            td {border-style: solid; border-width: thin;
            border-color: black}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <table summary="A sample table.">
        <caption>Sample Table</caption>
        <tr>
            <th>C1</th>
            <th colspan="2">C2 &amp; C3</th>
            <th>C4</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td abbr="11">11</td> <td>12</td>
            <td valign="bottom" rowspan="2">13 &amp; 23</td>
            <td>14</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td scope="row">21</td> <td align="right">22</td> <td>24</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><object data="pict:///core/arrow/left"</td>
            <td colspan="0">32 &amp; 33 &amp; 34</td>
        </tr>
        </table>
    </body>
</html>

<td>

The <td> ("table data") element contains a cell of data in a table row. See <table> for more information.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays the contents of table cells in plain (roman) type and aligns the contents to the left.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <ul>, <ol>, <dl>, <p>, <div>, <pre>, <blockquote>, <address>, <form>, <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <a>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`abbr`	Abbreviated version of the content in the cell, for use by nonvisual browsers. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`align`	`left \| center \| right` Sets horizontal alignment for content in the cell. `left` is the default.
`axis`	A comma-separated list of cell category names, for use by data-extraction or query tools. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`colspan`	Creates a cell that spans one or more columns. Cells with a `colspan` value greater than `1` span the specified number of columns, starting with the current column. Cells with a `colspan` value of `0` span from the current column to the rightmost column in the table.
`headers`	A space-separated list that specifies the IDs of header cells that apply to the current cell. This attribute is intended for nonvisual browsers. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`rowspan`	Creates a cell that spans one or more rows. Cells with a `rowspan` value greater than `1` span the specified number of rows, starting with the current row. Cells with a `rowspan` value of `0` span from the current row to the bottom row in the table.
`scope`	`col \| row` The IDs of cells for which the element provides header information. This attribute is intended for nonvisual browsers. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`valign`	`top \| middle \| bottom` The vertical alignment of content in the cell. `middle` is the default.

Example

See the example for <table>.

<textarea>

The <textarea> element creates a multiple-line, text-entry field in a form. The function of this element is the same as that of the text <input> element, except that <textarea> allows multiple lines of text. See <form> for more information.

Content

Text.

Attributes

`class, id, xml:lang, style`	See Common Attributes.
`accesskey`	A device keypad key (0-9, *, or #) that the user can press as a shortcut for selecting the `textarea` element and pressing the primary softkey (the user can start editing text in the field, with the insertion point at the end of any text already in the field). You can also set access keys for Openwave Mobile Browser 6.2 with the CSS `-wap-accesskey` property, as described in `-wap-accesskey`. If there is a conflict, the access key is set by the CSS property.
`cols`	Required. Sets the width of the text-entry field, in characters.
`disabled`	`disabled` Prevents the user from entering text in the field. This attribute is an XHTML extension to XHTML-MP.
`emptyok`	true \| false The default is `true`. Specifies whether the user can leave the field blank (`true`) or not (`false`). If set to `false`, the browser displays an error if the field is empty when the user tries to submit the form. This attribute is an Openwave extension to XHTML-MP.
`maxlength`	The maximum number of characters the user can enter in the field. This attribute is an Openwave extension to XHTML-MP.
`name`	The name portion of the name-value pair for the element (the name-value pair is sent to the web server when the user presses the Submit button).
`readonly`	readonly If you include this attribute, the user can't edit the contents of the field.
`rows`	Required. The height of the text-entry field, in lines of text.
`tabindex`	The element's position in the "tabbing" order in the document, that is, the order in which the input focus shifts from element to element when the user presses the key on the device that is mapped to the "tab" function. Although the browser supports this attribute, no existing devices have assigned a key to tab, so in effect, `tabindex` is not used.
`title`	The primary softkey label when the element is selected. Use "Edit" or a similar label to describe the effect of pressing the softkey to start editing the text.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Textarea</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="http://www.example.com/feedback.cgi"
         method="post">
            <p>
                <label>Tell us what you think:
                    <textarea name="feedback" cols="12"
                     rows="4" maxlength="64"
                     title="I Think...">
                          I think that...
                    </textarea>
                </label>
            <p>
            <p>
                <input type="submit" />
                <input type="reset" />
            </p>
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

<th>

The <th> ("table header") element identifies a header cell in a table row. It is contained by a table row (see <tr>). See <table> for more information.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays the contents of table header cells in a boldface font (if one is available on the phone) and centers the contents in the cell.

Empty or any combination of text and the following elements: <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <ul>, <ol>, <dl>, <p>, <div>, <pre>, <blockquote>, <address>, <form>, <br>, <span>, <em>, <strong>, <dfn>, <code>, <samp>, <kbd>, <var>, <cite>, <abbr>, <acronym>, <q>, <i>, <b>, <big>, <small>, <a>, <img>, <object>, <input>, <select>, <textarea>, <label>.

Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`, `title`, `xml:lang`	See Common Attributes.
`abbr`	Abbreviated version of the content in the cell, for use by nonvisual browsers. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`align`	`left \| center \| right` The horizontal alignment for content in the cell. `center` is the default.
`axis`	A comma-separated list of cell category names, for use by data-extraction or query tools. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`colspan`	Creates a cell that spans one or more columns. Cells with a `colspan` value greater than `1` span the specified number of columns, starting with the current column. Cells with a `colspan` value of `0` span from the current column to the rightmost column in the table.
`headers`	A space-separated list that specifies the IDs of header cells that apply to the current cell. This attribute is intended for nonvisual browsers. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`rowspan`	Creates a cell that spans one or more rows. Cells with a `rowspan` value greater than `1` span the specified number of rows, starting with the current row. Cells with a `rowspan` value of `0` span from the current row to the bottom row in the table.
`scope`	`col \| row` The IDs of cells for which the element provides header information. This attribute is intended for nonvisual browsers. Openwave Mobile Browser does not use this attribute.
`valign`	`top \| middle \| bottom` The vertical alignment for content in the cell. `center` is the default.

Example

See the example for <table>.

<title>

The <title> element contains the document's title, which is in turn contained in the <head> element. The <title> element is required for all XHTML-MP documents.

Openwave Mobile Browser displays the document's title next to the Browser menu icon.

IMPORTANT Some phones allow users to hide the title region; others don't display the title region at all. Be sure to check the characteristics of the phones in your marketplace before relying on the <title> element for your applications.

You cannot set the font, alignment, or other display attributes of the title.

Content

Text.

Attributes

xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

The <title> element is shown in most of the examples in this document.

<tr>

The <tr> ("table row") element contains a row of one or more table data cells (see <td>) or table header cells (see <th>). For more information, see <table>.

Content

One or more <th> or <td> elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

align

left | center | right

The horizontal alignment of the contents of each cell in the row.

valign

top | middle | bottom

The vertical alignment of the contents of each cell in the row.

Example

See the example for <table>.

<ul>

The <ul> ("unordered list") element is a block element that contains list items (see <li>) in no specific order. Each list item is decorated with a bullet or other graphic element to its left.

You can use CSS style properties to set the style of decoration (for example, any of a variety of styles of bullets, pictograms, or other images) as well as other details for how the list is displayed. See List Properties for more information.

Content

One or more <li> elements.

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Unordered List</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            li {list-style-image: url(images/bird.gif)}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>In the bay you may see:
        <ul>
            <li>Ducks</li>
            <li>Scoters</li>
            <li>Geese</li>
            <li>Gulls</li>
        </ul>
    </body>
</html>

<var>

The <var> ("variable") element is an inline element that identifies text that is a variable, for example, a placeholder for user-customizable text in instructions.

Openwave Mobile Browser presents variables in an italic font (if one is available on the phone).

Attributes

class, id, style, title, xml:lang

See Common Attributes.

Example

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//OPENWAVE//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN"
      "http://www.openwave.com/dtd/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Variable</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
        When prompted, enter your name in the style:
        <var>Firstname</var>, <var>Lastname</var>.
        </p>
    </body>
</html>

Elements and Attributes

Semantic and Presentation Elements

Common Attributes

<a>

Contents

Attributes

Notes

Example

<abbr>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<acronym>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<address>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<b>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<base>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<big>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<blockquote>

Contents

Attributes

Notes

Example

<body>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<br>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<caption>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<cite>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<code>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<dd>

Contents

Attributes

<dfn>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<div>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<dl>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<dt>

Contents

Attributes

<em>

Contents

Attributes

Example

<fieldset>